(iii) lipid peroxidation, as ROS can oxidize lipid components of the cell membrane (especially in Gram-negative bacteria), causing changes in membrane fluidity, permeability, and structural stability and disrupting the outer membrane, an additional layer of defence in these bacteria
We reasoned that evolution selected individuals triggering antimicrobial resilience together with the pool of biofilm-related genes, including ROS detoxification and changes to prevent ROS production
We pretreated HepG2 cells with diamide, a well-established protein S -glutathionylation induction agent, for 2 h, followed by TNF stimulation
Activity modification during the healing phase allows tissue repair without constant re-injury
BPC-157 is a synthetic 15-amino-acid peptide derived from a partial sequence of a protective protein identified in human gastric juice
ThiolTracker Violet: This commercially available probe provides a bright, photostable fluorescent signal upon reaction with intracellular thiols, predominantly GSH