Any perceived benefit is likely due to concurrent lifestyle changes rather than B12 itself
especially for those with digestive issues or low absorption
histology and molecular endpoints
For single-use vials (eg, triamcinolone acetonide [Triesence, Alcon]), the units injected are billed with the appropriate J-code, along with any wasted medication greater than 1 unit
These effects may include better moods, more energy, less fatigue, and a general sense of wellbeing
Track progress through multiple metrics: scale weight (understanding water fluctuations affect this), body measurements at consistent points, progress photos in consistent lighting and posture, and subjective assessments of how clothing fits