The copper in GHK-Cu is chelated (bound to the peptide), which silences coppers redox activity and prevents the oxidative damage associated with free copper ions
Drge W et al
2022, titled Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors (SNRIs) Venlafaxine, Desvenlafaxine, Duloxetine, Milnacipran, Levomilnacipran. By combining these approaches, individuals better manage serotonin dysregulation and increase their chances of maintaining long-term recovery and well-being
Usually mild and diminishing with continued use
HPLC and LC-MS results verify 99 % purity and consistent copper incorporation the documented consistency that biochemical and copper-peptide studies depend on
Additionally, its stress reducing properties, through stabilizing the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and lowering cortisol levels, help reduce inflammation and tension that can exacerbate pain