glp-1 weight gain after stopping Trajectory of regain cessation of receptor agonists: a systematic review and nonlinear meta-regression Ozempic, Wegovy, Mounjaro: How to

Int J Obes 49 , 433451 (2025)

Practical Takeaways Recognize that intrinsic factor is essential for B12 absorption and cannot be replaced by dietary changes alone Understand that conditions affecting parietal cells can lead to B12 deficiency regardless of dietary intake Consider B12 monitoring in patients with gastric surgery, autoimmune conditions, or chronic PPI use Be aware that oral B12 supplements may be ineffective in intrinsic factor deficiency Appreciate that B12 deficiency can develop slowly and cause subtle neurological symptoms before anemia appears Consider alternative B12 delivery methods (sublingual, injectable) when intrinsic factor deficiency is suspected Related Studies and Research Vitamin B12 Intake From Animal Foods, Biomarkers, and Health Aspects Physiology, Stomach Pharmacology of Proton Pump Inhibitors Use of Proton Pump Inhibitors and Risk of Iron Deficiency: Population-Based Study Episode 25: The Great GERD Mistake - How Medicine Made Heartburn Worse and How to Fix It FAQs What happens if I dont have enough intrinsic factor

Key Considerations: Protein and Strength Training: To build or preserve muscle, focus on adequate protein intake and strength training

Future research will be needed to explore each of these potential mechanisms individually or in tandem with each other as protection against glutamate exposure

Venkatesh D, Stockwell BR, Prives C

[PMID: 33153401] * Neag, M