vial mass varies by supplier
INCI / ingredients The ingredient list may vary slightly by batch
Absorption differences: injection vs topical Subcutaneous injection absorption: Rapid absorption into bloodstream Peak plasma concentration: 15-30 minutes 80-90% bioavailability Reaches target tissues quickly Systemic distribution Topical application absorption: Slower penetration through skin barrier Peak tissue concentration: 1-3 hours 5-15% bioavailability (most doesn't penetrate) Primarily local effects (skin where applied) Minimal systemic exposure Absorption comparison table: Why injection more effective: Direct systemic delivery Reaches all tissues Predictable dosing Lower total dose needed Better for body-wide effects When topical makes sense: Face/neck cosmetic use only Avoiding injections Already using skincare routine Combining both approaches (injection + topical) See our GHK-Cu 50mg copper peptide dosage guide for injection protocols
In that case, glutathione is doing extra work
Eur J Appl Physiol 69:392395 Ramazan MS, Ekeroglu SH, Dulger H, Algun E (2000) The effect of dietary treatment on erythrocyte lipid peroxidation, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and serum lipid peroxidation in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
If youre new to the topic, this is also a good point to internally link to your blog on What is glutathione? for deeper understanding