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Many peptides are susceptible to degradation through hydrolysis, oxidation, or other chemical processes that can reduce potency and potentially create harmful byproducts

Lpez-Otn C, Blasco MA, Partridge L, et al

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They are used primarily for weight management and the treatment of type 2 diabetes

The overwhelming dominance of ROS generated by enzymes like NADPH oxidases and xanthine oxidase over antioxidants like superoxide dismutase causes cell injury and tissue damage through direct injury, lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation leading to protease release and antioxidant and antiprotease enzyme inactivation as well as alteration of transcription factors activator protein-1 and NFB

(12) Gardenia Scientific name Gardenia jasminoides