This timeline matches B12 pharmacokinetics: intramuscular methylcobalamin reaches peak serum concentration at 8-12 hours, but tissue saturation (particularly in the liver and nervous system) occurs over 48-72 hours as the vitamin is transported into cells and converted to active coenzyme forms (Andrs et al., 2018)
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Zhang X, Yang R, Hu BL et al (2017) Reduced circulating levels of miR-433 and miR-133b are potential biomarkers for Parkinsons disease
At 1 mg its occupancy sits near 1%, and liver fat still fell 51% over 48 weeks in the trial participants who started with fatty liver. Natural glucagon reaches a similar 0.5 to 5% engagement during a fast, so 1% is not an unusually small signal
Most users report smoother texture within one week and firmer appearance within four weeks
No other approved or late-stage drug hits all three targets in one molecule