Pathogenesis and principles of therapy
Angiotensin II inhibits P-glycoprotein in intestinal epithelial cells
A study found coffee drinkers had less colorectal cancer than non-drinkers
Host-bacterial mutualism in the human intestine
It reduces hepatic steatosis and inflammation, restores gut microbiota balance, and activates the FXR pathway
in vitro and animal studies have linked thymosin beta-4 overexpression to increased tumor size and metastasis in several cancer types (including colorectal and pancreatic cancer), leading researchers to flag a theoretical cancer-promotion risk, particularly for anyone with an active malignancy or recent cancer history Self-reported effects compiled from user and case reports, not controlled trials, include injection-site redness or itching, transient fatigue, and headache