Different forms of botulinum toxin solutions are used, depending on the problem being addressed

DOI: Published online: May 1, 2025 1 Department of Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea 2 Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea 3 Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea 4 Neuroscience Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea 5 Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon, Korea 6 Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea Corresponding author: Hyung Jin Choi Department of Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Korea E-mail: [email protected] Copyright 2025 Korean Diabetes Association This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License ( which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited

doi: 10.1038/s41392-023-01620-3
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