Data availability All data analyzed in this publication were publicly available, including the human lung MSI and spotted mouse liver from METASPACE ( and the murine urinary bladder from the Proteomics Identifications Database (PXD001283) and the 10X Visium and MALDI (FMP-10 and DHB matrices) Parkinson mouse brain data ( The IDH -mutant tumor data are available from the BioImage Archive ( All data objects used for vignettes can also be found on the SpaMTP Zenodo community page ( Databases used for metabolite annotation include HMDB ( released November 2, 2021), ChEBI ( released September 1, 2023), LIPIDMAPS ( released September 15, 2023) and GNPS ( released April 21, 2025)
Bacteriostatic water for injection, USP, is sterile water containing 0.9% benzyl alcohol as a preservative
Mild temporary soreness at the injection site is possible
Storage and stability: Amber glass, refrigerated supply chain, and a slightly acidic pH (5 to 7) preserve the complex
Oxidative stress triggers inflammation in the body, which puts you at higher risk for DNA damage and those chronic diseases already mentioned
If methylation is not working properly due to various B vitamin deficiencies, disease states, or genetic mishap, higher levels of homocysteine may result
