Proton-pump inhibitors (e.g., omeprazole, esomeprazole, and lansoprazole), used to treat Zollinger-Ellison syndrome and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), markedly decrease stomach acid secretion required for the release of vitamin B 12 from food but not from supplements
Matrixyl 3000 (palmitoyl tetrapeptide-7 + palmitoyl tripeptide-1) works by stimulating the synthesis of collagen and extracellular matrix components in the dermis
Retinol: Known for its anti-aging properties, retinol helps stimulate collagen production, smooth fine lines and wrinkles, and improve skin texture
They, along with UV rays, cause oxidative stress
This is not a minor inconvenience
GHK-Cu: The Regenerative Signal GHK-Cu is a copper-binding tripeptide that occurs naturally in human plasma, but it declines as we age