Zechmann and Mller 2010
This PD-L1 upregulation suppresses perivascular T cell activity, impairing their ability to clear pathological signals and enabling ferroptotic mediators to accumulate and disseminate across the BBB (Kim et al., 2024)
In laboratory research, it is used to investigate fibroblast activation, collagen and elastin synthesis, wound repair cascades, oxidative stress modulation, and gene expression related to tissue remodeling and cellular aging
For example, medications Zepbound and Wegovy are indicated for weight loss on their label, while Ozempic is approved primarily for diabetes
Results vary depending on the severity of the condition and how early treatment begins
Curr Gastroenterol Rep 27 , 22 (2025)