No severe or confirmed hypoglycaemic episodes were reported in the two trials and there were no clinically relevant observations related to vital signs, physical examination, electrocardiogram or laboratory safety parameters, except temporary asymptomatic increases in lipase levels in two subjects at follow-up in the dosing conditions trial (from 46 U/L at screening to 231 U/L at follow-up and from 59 U/L at screening to 378 U/L at follow-up [normal range 1360 U/L])
Preclinical research indicates that intra-articular (IA) liraglutide attenuates synovial inflammation, decreases catabolic markers such as ADAMTS-5, and limits cartilage and bone damage across three experimental OA models, including MIA (mono-iodo-acetate), DMM (destabilization of the medial meniscus), and collagenase II-induced OA
doi:10.1210/jcem.82.2.3727 56
Serious side effects are rare under medical supervision
Below is a clinically accurate overview of current FDA-approved GLP-1 receptor agonists in the United States, along with their delivery forms and labeled therapeutic uses
Ralph DeFronzo is used without his permission