The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) performs a number of crucial functions, such as in the formation of an external retinal barrier, transport, retinoid retention, phagocytosis, the degradation of segmental photoreceptors, and protection against light and oxidative stress
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10.1172/jci.insight.181172 81
As a result, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production is induced, and nitric oxide (NO) levels are decreased (14)