For the general population with good absorption, a good B Complex or high quality multi probably covers the bases, if not diet alone
Published studies span several decades and include both in vitro cell culture work and in vivo animal model investigations
What supplements can help with Vitamin B12 deficiency
Among the systems of retinal cells to mitigate ROS and manage oxidative stress, a principal one is glutathione (GSH), and it relies on nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) 1
Nature 569 , 641648 (2019)
However, the IV hydration process is tailored to each patients unique needs, as absorption rates can vary based on several factors such as fluid composition, volume, patient characteristics, rate of administration, and the osmotic gradient