NAD+ itself is the coenzyme that mitochondria burn through to make ATP and that sirtuins and DNA-repair enzymes consume as fuel
The typical use case is with: knee, hip, shoulder, rotator cuff, and low back issues (source)
Target engagement remains context dependent, and metabolic mediation would require direct testing in adipocytes, adipose tissue, and whole-body metabolic models
Additional findings indicate that the peptide may reduce tissue injury caused by exposure to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, highlighting its potential involvement in protective responses against inflammation-related damage (8)
What does the clinical evidence say
This targeted approach maintains training capacity while keeping overall carbohydrate intake moderate