Massage is great for relaxing different structures in the body, and creates increased blood flow in the target area
There is one small pilot study in humans (examining knee pain, where 7 of 12 participants reported sustained improvement beyond 6 months) and a 2025 safety study confirming BPC-157 was well tolerated in healthy adults
Study 6: Lutz 2010, basic mechanism Citation: Lutz T.A
Its not produced by the human body.25 Beyond its well-known anti-inflammatory and immune-modulating effects, clinical and preclinical studies have also examined bromelains role in digestion, with some evidence that it can support protein digestion, nutrient absorption, and post-meal comfort, though the data is still limited and suggests dose-dependency.5 Papain Papain is another plant-derived protease, extracted from unripe papaya latex
The magnitude of metabolic improvements with tirzepatide may justify higher costs if these translate into meaningful clinical outcomes
In these trials, some participants receive a placebo (a fake injection with no active ingredient)