A Bias-Exchange Approach to Protein Folding
For more detailed scientific research on B12, the National Institutes of Health offers excellent resources
Phase 3 trials showed 11.8% weight loss as monotherapy
The well-known geriatrician-haematologist Larry Solomon, working at Yale University in the USA, wrote 20 years ago: if I had treated only those people who actually had too low serum B12 and elevated MMA values, then I would not have treated approximately two-thirds of the people with a favourable response to B12 supplementation (note: partly via injections, partly via oral supplementation)
This will give you a clearer picture of why it has gained so much attention and what the current evidence actually suggests
Similar functions have been reported in Strongylocentrotus intermedius under low-salinity stress, where sphingosine-1-phosphate metabolism, was implicated in preventing apoptosis 27