Other ROS-generating pathways than mitochondria contributing to the pathogenesis of diabetes involve xanthine oxidase, endoplasmic reticulum stress, cytosolic ROS-producing enzyme NADPH oxidase (NOX), uncoupled Nitric oxide synthase (NOS), and myeloperoxidase (Iacobini et al
Metabolomic profiling reveals mitochondrial-derived lipid biomarkers that drive obesity-associated inflammation
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Medically Reviewed by: Dr Kanika Raina, BDS, MBA (Hospital & Healthcare Management) Last reviewed: February 2026 References: Katsi V, Koutsopoulos G, Fragoulis C, Dimitriadis K, Tsioufis K